联合国秘书长发出紧急治理呼吁
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left">第一机器人获悉,近日在日内瓦举行的首届联合国人工智能治理全球对话会上,联合国秘书长古特雷斯呼吁对人工智能实施广泛而全面的全球管控。</div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left"><b>古特雷斯强调,必须让数十亿无法接触这项革命性技术的人们获得更多机会。</b></div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left">他认为,<b>任何未来的协议都必须“值得全球信赖”,并将安全——尤其是儿童的安全——放在首位,以保护他们免受数字技术制造的操纵和虐待。</b></div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left">联合国大会主席贝尔伯克也在发言中敦促采取集体行动,以应对人工智能的“阴暗”一面,并指出据报道,99%的深度伪造内容具有性暗示,其中96%以妇女和女童为目标。</div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left">自人工智能进入主流以来,这三年间,它对各国经济和社会产生了革命性的影响,既有积极的一面,也有消极的一面。在此之前,联合国一直引领着国际社会对这项技术制定监管框架的努力,最终促成了本周一在日内瓦举行的首届“全球人工智能对话会”。</div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left">古特雷斯表示,儿童的安全与福祉应成为任何未来治理协议的优先事项,并呼吁各国通过《人工智能儿童安全承诺》。</div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left">他说:<b>“任何儿童都不应成为不受监管的人工智能的‘实验品’……在证实安全之前,我们绝不会让儿童使用药物。我们对每件玩具都进行测试;然而,在任何人询问人工智能会对孩子们产生什么影响之前,它就已经渗透到我们的孩子身上——影响着他们的学习、友谊以及最私密的问题。”</b></div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left"><i>古特雷斯表示,当儿童表现出痛苦迹象时,系统必须停止运行,并将其转介给真人提供支持。当儿童受到伤害时,绝不能以“是算法干的”作为借口。</i></div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left">作为人工智能监管的第二优先事项,古特雷斯强调,人权不容妥协。<i>他说:“人工智能绝不能剥夺人的尊严或加剧歧视。在司法、医疗保健、执法等每一项高风险决策中,机器可以提供信息,但必须由人类做出决定——并承担责任。”</i></div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left">古特雷斯重申了他加强透明度的呼吁,要求每家主要人工智能公司衡量并公开披露其系统的全部生态足迹——包括碳、水和土地——并承诺到2030年,所有数据中心均使用可再生能源供电。</div>
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<div class="ce-paragraph cdx-block ce-paragraph--left">他强调:“人工智能可能让人感觉无形——但其生态足迹却是切实存在的。数据中心的耗电量超过大多数国家的用电总和。到2030年,这些数据中心的用电量可能仅次于全球前五个国家,而其耗水量足以满足撒哈拉以南非洲13亿人口全年的用水需求。”</div>
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